Kuwotcherera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito makina owotcherera a AC kapena DC.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina owotcherera a DC, pali kulumikizana kwabwino ndikulumikizana kobwerera.Zinthu monga ma elekitirodi ogwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe zida zomangira zimakhalira, komanso mtundu wa kuwotcherera ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Poyerekeza ndi magetsi a AC, magetsi a DC amatha kupereka ma arc okhazikika komanso kusamutsa madontho osalala.-Arc ikangoyaka, DC arc imatha kuyaka mosalekeza.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa mphamvu ya AC, chifukwa cha kusintha kwazomwe zikuchitika komanso ma voliyumu, ndipo arc iyenera kuzimitsidwa ndikuyatsanso nthawi 120 pamphindikati, arc sangathe kuwotcha mosalekeza komanso mokhazikika.
Pankhani yowotcherera pakali pano, DC arc imakhala ndi mphamvu yonyowa pazitsulo zosungunula ndipo imatha kuwongolera kukula kwa mkanda wowotcherera, motero ndiyoyenera kuwotcherera mbali zoonda.Mphamvu ya DC ndiyoyenera kuwotcherera pamwamba komanso ofukula kuposa mphamvu ya AC chifukwa DC arc ndi yayifupi.
Koma nthawi zina kuwomba kwa magetsi a DC kumakhala vuto lalikulu, ndipo yankho ndikusinthira kukhala magetsi a AC.Kwa ma elekitirodi a AC ndi DC omwe amapangidwa kuti aziwotcherera mphamvu za AC kapena DC, ntchito zambiri zowotcherera zimagwira ntchito bwino pansi pamagetsi a DC.
(1)Wamba structural zitsulo kuwotcherera
Kwa maelekitirodi achitsulo okhazikika ndi ma electrode a asidi, onse AC ndi DC angagwiritsidwe ntchito.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina owotcherera a DC kuwotcherera mbale zoonda, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa DC reverse.
Nthawi zambiri, kulumikizana kwachindunji komwe kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwotcherera mbale kuti alowe kwambiri.Zachidziwikire, kulumikizidwa komweku kumathekanso, koma pothandizira kuwotcherera kwa mbale zokhuthala ndi ma grooves, ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwachindunji komweko.
Maelekitirodi oyambira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwa DC reverse, komwe kumatha kuchepetsa porosity ndi spatter.
(2)Kuwotcherera argon arc (MIG welding)
Metal arc kuwotcherera nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito DC reverse kugwirizana, zomwe sizimangokhazikika pa arc, komanso zimachotsa filimu ya okusayidi pamwamba pa chowotcherera powotcherera aluminium.
(3) Tungsten argon kuwotcherera arc (TIG kuwotcherera)
Tungsten argon kuwotcherera mbali zitsulo, faifi tambala ndi aloyi ake, mkuwa ndi aloyi ake, mkuwa ndi aloyi ake akhoza chikugwirizana ndi mwachindunji panopa.Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti ngati kugwirizana kwa DC kusinthidwa ndipo electrode ya tungsten ikugwirizana ndi electrode yabwino, kutentha kwa electrode yabwino kudzakhala kwakukulu, kutentha kudzakhala kochuluka, ndipo tungsten electrode idzasungunuka mwamsanga.
Kusungunuka kofulumira kwambiri, kosatha kupangitsa kuti arc awotche mokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo tungsten yosungunuka yomwe imagwera mu dziwe losungunuka imayambitsa kuphatikizidwa kwa tungsten ndikuchepetsa mtundu wa weld.
(4)Kuwotcherera kwa mpweya wa CO2 (MAG kuwotcherera)
Kuti arc ikhale yokhazikika, mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a weld, ndi kuchepetsa spatter, kuwotcherera kwa mpweya wa CO2 nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito kugwirizana kwa DC. Kutentha kwa workpiece, ndi DC kugwirizana zabwino nthawi zambiri ntchito.
(5)Kuwotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri
Elekitirodi yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri makamaka ndi DC yosinthidwa.Ngati mulibe DC kuwotcherera makina ndi zofunika khalidwe si mkulu kwambiri, mungagwiritse ntchito Chin-Ca mtundu elekitirodi kuwotcherera ndi makina kuwotcherera AC.
(6)Konzani kuwotcherera kwachitsulo chonyezimira
Kuwotcherera kwa zitsulo zotayidwa nthawi zambiri kumatengera njira yolumikizira ya DC.Panthawi yowotcherera, arc imakhala yokhazikika, sipitter ndi yaying'ono, ndipo kuya kwake kumakhala kosaya, komwe kumangokwaniritsa zofunikira za kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kuwotcherera chitsulo choponyedwa kuti muchepetse kupanga ming'alu.
(7) Kulowetsedwa kwa arc automatic weld
Kuwotcherera kwa arc komwe kumalowetsedwa kumatha kuwotcherera ndi magetsi a AC kapena DC.Zimasankhidwa molingana ndi zofunikira zowotcherera mankhwala ndi mtundu wa flux.Ngati nickel-manganese low-silicon flux imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuwotcherera magetsi kwa DC kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa arc kuti alowe kwambiri.
(8) Kuyerekeza pakati pa kuwotcherera kwa AC ndi kuwotcherera kwa DC
Poyerekeza ndi magetsi a AC, magetsi a DC amatha kupereka ma arc okhazikika komanso kusamutsa madontho osalala.-Arc ikangoyaka, DC arc imatha kuyaka mosalekeza.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa mphamvu ya AC, chifukwa cha kusintha kwazomwe zikuchitika komanso ma voliyumu, ndipo arc iyenera kuzimitsidwa ndikuyatsanso nthawi 120 pamphindikati, arc sangathe kuwotcha mosalekeza komanso mokhazikika.
Pankhani yowotcherera pakali pano, DC arc imakhala ndi mphamvu yonyowa pazitsulo zosungunula ndipo imatha kuwongolera kukula kwa mkanda wowotcherera, motero ndiyoyenera kuwotcherera mbali zoonda.Mphamvu ya DC ndiyoyenera kuwotcherera pamwamba komanso ofukula kuposa mphamvu ya AC chifukwa DC arc ndi yayifupi.
Koma nthawi zina kuwomba kwa magetsi a DC kumakhala vuto lalikulu, ndipo yankho ndikusinthira kukhala magetsi a AC.Kwa AC ndi DC ma elekitirodi acholinga chapawiri opangidwira AC kapena DC kuwotcherera mphamvu, ntchito zambiri zowotcherera zimagwira ntchito bwino pansi pamagetsi a DC.
Mu kuwotcherera kwa arc pamanja, makina owotcherera a AC ndi zida zina zowonjezera ndizotsika mtengo, ndipo zimatha kupewa zovuta zowotcherera arc momwe zingathere.Koma kuwonjezera pa mtengo wotsika wa zida, kuwotcherera ndi mphamvu ya AC sikothandiza ngati mphamvu ya DC.
Mphamvu zowotcherera za Arc (CC) zokhala ndi zotsika zotsika ndizoyenera kuwotcherera pamanja.Kusintha kwa voteji komwe kumayenderana ndi kusintha kwapano kukuwonetsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono pomwe kutalika kwa arc kumawonjezeka.Chikhalidwe ichi chimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa arc current ngakhale wowotcherera akuwongolera kukula kwa dziwe losungunuka.
Kusintha kosalekeza kwa kutalika kwa arc sikungalephereke pamene wowotcherera amasuntha ma elekitirodi pawotcherera, ndipo kuviika kwa gwero la mphamvu ya arc kumatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa arc pakusintha kumeneku.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-25-2023