Zowononga zinthu kuwotcherera zipangizo
(1) Cholinga chachikulu cha kafukufuku wa kuwotcherera ukhondo wa ntchito ndi kuwotcherera maphatikizidwe, ndipo pakati pawo, mavuto aukhondo a ntchito yotseguka arc kuwotcherera ndiakulu kwambiri, ndipo mavuto amizidwa ndi kuwotcherera arc ndi kuwotcherera ma electroslag ndi ochepa.
(2) Zinthu zazikulu zovulaza zomwe zimakutidwa ndi ma electrode arc kuwotcherera, carbon arc gouging ndi CO2 gas shielded welding ndi fume ndi fumbi lomwe limapangidwa panthawi yowotcherera - kuwotcherera fume.Makamaka electrode manual arc kuwotcherera.Ndipo mpweya arc gouging, ngati kuwotcherera ntchito ikuchitika mu malo yopapatiza ntchito danga (chowotcha, kanyumba, chopanda mpweya chidebe ndi payipi, etc.) kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo pa nkhani ya chitetezo osauka ukhondo, izo kuchititsa zoipa kwa kupuma dongosolo, etc. akudwala kuwotcherera pneumoconiosis.
(3) Mpweya wapoizoni ndi chinthu chachikulu chovulaza cha kuwotcherera kwamagetsi kwa gasi ndi kuwotcherera kwa plasma arc, ndipo ndende yake ikakwera kwambiri, imayambitsa zizindikiro zakupha.Makamaka, ozoni ndi nayitrogeni oxides amapangidwa ndi arc kutentha ma radiation ochita mpweya ndi nayitrogeni mu mlengalenga.
(4) Ma radiation a Arc ndi chinthu choyipa chofala pa kuwotcherera kwa arc otseguka, ndipo matenda amaso a electro-optic omwe amayamba chifukwa cha izi ndi matenda apadera apantchito otsegula arc kuwotcherera.Ma radiation a Arc amathanso kuwononga khungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma welders azidwala matenda a khungu monga dermatitis, erythema ndi matuza ang'onoang'ono.Kuphatikiza apo, ulusi wa thonje umawonongeka.
(5) Tungsten Argon Arc kuwotcherera ndi plasma Arc kuwotcherera, chifukwa makina kuwotcherera ali okonzeka ndi mkulu pafupipafupi oscillator kuthandiza kuyambitsa arc, pali zinthu zoipa - mkulu-pafupipafupi electromagnetic munda, makamaka kuwotcherera makina ndi nthawi yaitali ntchito. wa oscillator wothamanga kwambiri (monga makina ena opangira ma argon arc opangidwa ndi fakitale).Magawo amagetsi othamanga kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa ma welders kudwala matenda amitsempha yamanjenje ndi dongosolo lamagazi.
Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma electrode a thoriated tungsten rod, thorium ndi chinthu chotulutsa ma radiation, kotero pali zinthu zovulaza za radiation (α, β ndi γ cheza), ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa ngozi zowopsa kuzungulira chopukusira pomwe ndodo ya thoriated tungsten imasungidwa ndikunola. .
(6) Panthawi yowotcherera arc ya plasma, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kudula, phokoso lamphamvu lidzapangidwa, lomwe lidzawononge mitsempha yomveka ya welder ngati chitetezo sichili chabwino.
(7) Zinthu zazikulu zovulaza panthawi yowotcherera mpweya wa zitsulo zosakhala ndi chitsulo ndi fumbi la okusayidi lomwe limapangidwa ndi kutuluka kwachitsulo chosungunuka mumlengalenga, ndi mpweya wapoizoni wotuluka.
Kusamala pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zowotcherera
1. Nthawi zambiri pali mitundu iwiri ya maelekitirodi osapanga dzimbiri: mtundu wa titaniyamu-kashiamu ndi mtundu wochepa wa haidrojeni.Kuwotcherera pakali pano kumagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a DC momwe ndingathere, zomwe zimapindulitsa kuthana ndi kufiira komanso kulowa mozama kwa ndodo yowotcherera.Ma elekitirodi okhala ndi titaniyamu-kashiamu zokutira si oyenera kuwotcherera malo onse, koma kuwotcherera lathyathyathya ndi kuwotcherera lathyathyathya fillet;ma elekitirodi okhala ndi zokutira otsika wa haidrojeni angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera malo onse.
2. Maelekitirodi osapanga dzimbiri ayenera kukhala owuma panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.Pofuna kupewa zolakwika monga ming'alu, maenje, ndi pores, zokutira zamtundu wa titaniyamu-calcium zimawumitsidwa pa 150-250 ° C kwa ola limodzi musanawotchedwe, ndipo zokutira zamtundu wa hydrogen zimawumitsidwa pa 200-300 ° C. 1 ola pamaso kuwotcherera.Musawume mobwerezabwereza, mwinamwake khungu lidzagwa mosavuta.
3. Tsukani cholumikizira chowotcherera, ndikuletsa ndodo yowotcherera kuti isadetsedwe ndi mafuta ndi dothi lina, kuti musaonjezere kaboni wa weld ndikusokoneza mtundu wa kuwotcherera.
4. Pofuna kupewa dzimbiri za intergranular chifukwa cha kutentha, kuwotcherera panopa sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, kawirikawiri pafupifupi 20% kutsika kuposa ma electrode a carbon steel, arc sayenera kukhala yaitali kwambiri, ndipo interlayers amazirala mofulumira.
5. Samalani pamene mukuyamba arc, musayambe arc pa gawo lopanda kuwotcherera, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito arc kuyambira mbale ya zinthu zomwezo monga weldment kuti muyambe arc.
6. Kuwotcherera kwafupipafupi kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe mungathere.Kutalika kwa arc nthawi zambiri kumakhala 2-3mm.Ngati arc ndi yayitali kwambiri, ming'alu yotentha imatha kuchitika mosavuta.
7. Mzere wa mayendedwe: kuwotcherera kwa arc mwachangu kuyenera kutengedwa, ndipo kugwedezeka kwa mbali sikuloledwa.Cholinga ndi kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kutentha kukhudzidwa m'lifupi m'lifupi, kusintha weld kukana intergranular dzimbiri ndi kuchepetsa chizolowezi matenthedwe ming'alu.
8. Kuwotcherera zitsulo zosiyana ziyenera kusankha mosamala ndodo zowotcherera kuti zisawononge ming'alu yotentha kuchokera ku kusankha kosayenera kwa ndodo zowotcherera kapena mvula ya σ gawo pambuyo pa kutentha kwa kutentha kwapamwamba, zomwe zidzapangitse chitsulo chosungunula.Onaninso za kusankha ndodo zowotcherera pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosiyana posankha, ndipo tsatirani njira zoyenera zowotcherera.
Kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, chitukuko chamtsogolo cha zinthu zophatikizana chidzakwera pang'onopang'ono.M'tsogolomu, zinthu zopangidwa ndi manja zidzasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali komanso zapamwamba zomwe zimakhala ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri.Kapangidwe, zosiyanasiyana kuwotcherera amafuna luso pansi pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana utumiki.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-05-2023