Gwero lamphamvu la brazing litha kukhala kutentha kwamankhwala kapena kutentha kosalunjika.Amagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chokhala ndi malo osungunuka otsika kuposa azinthu zomwe zimawotchedwa ngati solder.Pambuyo kutentha, solder amasungunuka, ndipo capillary kanthu amakankhira solder mu kusiyana pakati kukhudzana pamwamba olowa kunyowetsa pamwamba zitsulo kuti welded kotero kuti madzi gawo ndi olimba gawo analekanitsidwa.Kuphatikizika pakati pa magawo kuti apange olowa brazed.Chifukwa chake, brazing ndi njira yowotcherera yolimba-gawo komanso yamadzimadzi.
1. Makhalidwe ndi ntchito ya brazing
Brazing imagwiritsa ntchito aloyi yokhala ndi malo osungunuka otsika kuposa chitsulo choyambira ngati solder.Ikatenthedwa, solder imasungunuka ndikudzaza ndikukhalabe pampata wolumikizana ndi kunyowetsa ndi capillary kanthu, pomwe chitsulo m'munsi chimakhala cholimba, kudalira solder yamadzimadzi ndi maziko olimba Kuphatikizika pakati pa zida kumapanga cholumikizira cholimba.Brazing imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pazakuthupi ndi mankhwala azitsulo zam'munsi, kupsinjika pang'ono ndi kuwotcherera, kungathe kuwotcherera zitsulo zosiyana ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa katundu, kumatha kumaliza ma welds angapo nthawi imodzi, maonekedwe a olowa ndi okongola komanso okonzeka, zida ndi yosavuta, ndi ndalama kupanga ndi yaing'ono.Komabe, mgwirizano wa brazed uli ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso kusakanizidwa bwino kwa kutentha.
Mapulogalamu: Zida zodulira Carbide, zobowola, mafelemu anjinga, zosinthira kutentha, ma conduits ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, etc.;popanga ma waveguide a microwave, machubu a elekitironi ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, brazing ndiyo njira yokhayo yolumikizira.
2.Kutentha kwachitsulo ndi kutentha
Chitsulo chodzaza ndi brazing ndi chitsulo chodzaza chomwe chimapanga mutu wowotcha, ndipo mtundu wamutu wa brazing umadalira chitsulo chodzaza kwambiri.Chitsulo chodzaza chimayenera kukhala ndi malo osungunuka osungunuka, kunyowa kwabwino komanso kuthekera kwapang'onopang'ono, chitha kugawidwa ndi chitsulo choyambira, ndipo chiyenera kukhala ndi zida zina zamakina ndi zinthu zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira za olowa.Malinga ndi kusungunuka kosiyanasiyana kwa zitsulo za brazing filler, brazing imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: chitsulo chofewa komanso chitsulo cholimba.
(1) Kuwomba kofewa.Brazing yokhala ndi malo osungunuka pansi pa 450 ° C imatchedwa chitsulo chofewa, ndipo chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi brazing lead brazing, chomwe chimakhala ndi kunyowa kwabwino komanso kuyendetsa magetsi ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zamagetsi, zida zamagalimoto ndi zida zamagalimoto.Mphamvu ya olowa brazed nthawi zambiri 60 ~ 140MPa.
(2) Kukantha.Brazing yokhala ndi malo osungunuka opitilira 450 ° C imatchedwa brazing, ndipo zida zodziwika bwino za brazing ndi zida zamkuwa ndi siliva.Cholumikizira ndi silver base filler chitsulo chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kukana dzimbiri, malo osungunuka a zitsulo zodzaza ndi otsika, ndipo njira yake ndiyabwino, koma mtengo wazitsulo zodzaza ndi wokwera, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera. mbali ndi zofunika apamwamba.Brazing imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazitsulo zachitsulo ndi zamkuwa zokhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu, komanso zida zowotcha.Mphamvu yolumikizana ya Brazed ya 200 ~ 490MPa,
Zindikirani: Malo okhudzana ndi zinthu zoyambira ayenera kukhala oyera kwambiri, chifukwa chake flux iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Udindo wa flux ndikuchotsa zonyansa za oxide ndi mafuta pamwamba pa chitsulo choyambira ndi zitsulo zodzaza, kuteteza kukhudzana kwa zitsulo zodzaza ndi zitsulo zoyambira ku oxidation, ndikuwonjezera kunyowa ndi capillary fluidity ya filler. zitsulo.Malo osungunuka a flux ayenera kukhala otsika kusiyana ndi zitsulo zodzaza, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa zotsalira zotsalira kuzitsulo zoyambira ndi zolumikizira ziyenera kukhala zochepa.Chodziwika bwino cha brazing flux ndi rosin kapena zinc chloride solution, ndipo brazing flux wamba ndi osakaniza a borax, boric acid ndi alkaline fluoride.
Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana otentha kapena njira zowotchera brazing zitha kugawidwa kukhala:kuyatsa kwamoto, kuyatsa kwamoto, kuyatsa ng'anjo, kuyatsa moto, kuwotcha kwamoto, kuwotcha kwamoto ndi zina zotero.Chifukwa kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala kochepa kwambiri panthawi yowotchera, kulibe mphamvu zambiri pa ntchito ya workpiece, komanso kusokonezeka kwa weldment kumakhalanso kochepa.Komabe, mphamvu ya mgwirizano wa brazed nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika, ndipo kukana kutentha kumakhala kotsika.
Njira yotenthetsera brazing:Pafupifupi magwero onse otenthetsera amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magwero a kutentha kwa brazing, ndipo molingana ndi brazing iyi amagawidwa.
Kuwotcha moto:Kutentha ndi moto wa gasi, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsulo cha carbon, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, carbide, chitsulo choponyedwa, mkuwa ndi ma alloys amkuwa, aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyumu alloy brazing.
Induction brazing:Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa maginito osinthasintha kuti apange magetsi opangira magetsi mu gawo la kukana kutentha kutentha kuwotcherera, kwa mawonekedwe osakanikirana a kuwotcherera, makamaka kuwotcherera kwa shaft ya chitoliro.
Dip brazing:ndi kuwotcherera mbali ndi pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kumizidwa mu wosungunuka mchere osakaniza kapena solder kusungunula, kudalira kutentha kwa media media awa kukwaniritsa brazing ndondomeko, amene amakhala ndi Kutentha mofulumira, kutentha yunifolomu, mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono kuwotcherera mbali.
Kuwotcha kwa ng'anjo:Ma welds amatenthedwa ndi ng'anjo yotsutsa, yomwe imatha kuteteza ma welds popukuta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wochepetsera kapena wolowera.
Kuphatikiza apo, palinso chitsulo chosungunula, kuyika kwachitsulo, kutsekemera kwachitsulo, kutsekemera kwa infuraredi, kutsekemera kwachitsulo, kutsekemera kwa electron, laser brazing, etc.
Brazing angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera mpweya zitsulo, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, superalloy, zotayidwa, mkuwa ndi zipangizo zina zitsulo, komanso akhoza kulumikiza zitsulo zosiyana, zitsulo ndi sanali zitsulo.Oyenera kuwotcherera mafupa ndi katundu waung'ono kapena ntchito firiji, makamaka oyenera mwatsatanetsatane, yaying'ono ndi zovuta Mipikisano brazed welds.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-06-2023