Malo anayi a kuwotcherera kwamagetsi ndi mfundo zowotcherera: kuwotcherera pamwamba, kuwotcherera kwa lathyathyathya, kuwotcherera molunjika ndi kuwotcherera kopingasa

The kuwotcherera udindo amatchulidwa pamene kuwotcherera, wachibale malo malo a weld kwa kuwotcherera.

Chithunzi 1. Tianqiao kuwotcherera positon

Pali kuwotcherera lathyathyathya, kuwotcherera yopingasa, kuwotcherera ofukula ndi kuwotcherera pamwamba.Lathyathyathya kuwotcherera amatanthauza kuwotcherera yopingasa anachita ndi kuwotcherera mutu wake, choncho amatchedwanso downhand kuwotcherera;chifukwa chowotcherera mu mgwirizano wooneka ngati T, kuwotcherera kooneka ngati T nthawi zambiri kumayikidwa pa 45 ° kuti apange malo otsekemera a msoko wopita pansi, wotchedwa kuwotcherera kwa sitima.Kuwotcherera kopingasa kumatanthauza kuwotcherera kopingasa komwe kumachitidwa ndi wowotcherera pafupifupi kutalika kofanana ndi mkono.Kuwotcherera koyima kumatanthawuza kuwotcherera kwapansi-mmwamba kochitidwa ndi wowotcherera.Kuwotcherera pamwamba kumatanthawuza kuwotcherera kwa msoko kopingasa komwe kumachitidwa ndi wowotcherera akuyang'ana mmwamba.Kuwotcherera kwa lathyathyathya ndikosavuta kuonetsetsa kuti kuwotcherera kwabwino, kuwotcherera kopingasa ndiko kwachiwiri, kuwotcherera kolunjika ndiko kwachitatu, ndipo kuwotcherera pamutu ndikovuta kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti kuli bwino ndipo kuyenera kupewedwa momwe mungathere.

Chithunzi 2. Tianqiao lathyathyathya kuwotcherera

Kuwotcherera kwathyathyathya

Makhalidwe awotcherera a flat kuwotcherera:

1. Chitsulo chowotcherera makamaka chimadalira kulemera kwake kuti chisinthe kupita ku dziwe losungunuka.

2. Maonekedwe ndi zitsulo za dziwe losungunuka ndizosavuta kusamalira ndi kulamulira.

3. Pakuti kuwotcherera zitsulo ndi makulidwe ofanana, kuwotcherera panopa mu malo lathyathyathya kuwotcherera ndi zazikulu kuposa m'malo ena kuwotcherera, ndi dzuwa kupanga ndi mkulu.

4. dziwe la slag ndi losungunuka limakonda kusakaniza, makamaka pamene kuwotcherera ma welds flat fillet, slag ndi yosavuta kutsogolera ndi kupanga slag kuphatikizapo.

*Sikophweka kusiyanitsa slag ya ndodo yowotcherera asidi ndi dziwe losungunuka;ndodo ziwiri zowotcherera zamchere zimakhala zomveka bwino;muyezo wa HG20581 umanena momveka bwino kuti ndodo zowotcherera asidi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito muzotengera za Class II ndi III.

5. Zolakwika zowotcherera ndi magwiridwe antchito zitha kubweretsa zovuta monga weld bead, undercut, and welding deformation.

6. Pamene mbali yakumbuyo ya kuwotcherera imodzi-mbali imapangidwa momasuka, kuwotcherera koyamba kumakhala kosavuta kutsata njira zolowera komanso kusauka kwa msana.

Zowotcherera za flat welding:

1. Malingana ndi makulidwe a mbale, electrode yokulirapo ya m'mimba mwake ndi mphamvu yowonjezera yowonjezera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

2. Pamene kuwotcherera, ndodo yowotcherera ndi kuwotcherera imapanga ngodya ya 60 ~ 80 °, ndipo kupatukana kwa slag ndi zitsulo zamadzimadzi kumayendetsedwa kuti ateteze slag kuti asawonekere pasadakhale.

3. Pamene makulidwe a mbaleyo ndi ocheperapo kapena ofanana ndi 6mm, kuwotcherera kwa matako kumakhala kofanana ndi poyambira, ndipo msoko wakutsogolo uyenera kukhala wowotcherera wafupi-arc wokhala ndi elekitirodi ya φ3.2 ~ 4, ndipo kuya kwake kungathe. kufika 2/3 ya makulidwe a mbale;musanasindikizidwe kumbuyo, Sikoyenera kuyeretsa mizu (kupatulapo zinthu zofunika kwambiri), koma slag iyenera kutsukidwa ndipo panopa ikhoza kukhala yaikulu.

4. Ngati palibe kusakanikirana kosadziwika kwa slag ndi chitsulo chosungunula cha dziwe muzitsulo zowonongeka, arc ikhoza kukulitsidwa, electrode ikhoza kupendekera kutsogolo, ndipo slag yosungunuka ikhoza kukankhidwira kumbuyo kwa dziwe losungunuka kuti lisalowemo.

5. Powotcherera zowotcherera mozungulira, kuwotcherera kwapamwamba kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza kuphatikizika kwa slag ndi dziwe losungunuka kuti lisapite patsogolo kuti zisaphatikizidwe ndi slag.

6. Pamene ntchito Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndi Mipikisano chiphaso kuwotcherera, tcherani khutu chiwerengero cha kuwotcherera akudutsa ndi ndondomeko kuwotcherera, ndipo wosanjikiza aliyense sayenera upambana 4 ~ 5mm.

7. Pamalo olumikizirana amtundu wa T, olowa pamakona, ndi kuphatikizana, ngati makulidwe a mbale ziwirizo ndi zosiyana, ngodya ya ndodo yowotcherera iyenera kusinthidwa kuti iwononge arc kumbali imodzi ya mbale yokhuthala; kotero kuti mbale ziwirizo zitenthedwa mofanana.

8. Kusankha kolondola kwa njira yotumizira

(1) Pamene kuwotcherera makulidwe ndi zosakwana kapena wofanana 6mm, lembani ine poyambira butt lathyathyathya kuwotcherera.Pamene kuwotcherera mbali ziwiri kumavomerezedwa, kutsogolo kwa kutsogolo kumatenga mzere wowongoka, womwe umakhala wodekha pang'ono;msoko wowotcherera kumbuyo umatenganso mzere wowongoka, ndipo mphamvu yowotcherera imakhala yokulirapo pang'ono., Mofulumirirako.

(2) Pamene makulidwe a mbale ndi ≤6mm, potsegula mitundu ina ya grooves, kuwotcherera kwamitundu yambiri kapena kusanjikiza kosiyanasiyana kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.Woyamba wosanjikiza wa kuwotcherera pansi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito elekitirodi yaing'ono panopa, yaing'ono muyezo panopa, mzere wolunjika kapena sawtooth.Kuwotchera kwa Shape transport bar.Kuti mudzaze kuwotcherera wosanjikiza, ma elekitirodi okulirapo ndi kuwotcherera kwa arc kwakanthawi kokulirapo kumatha kusankhidwa.

(3) Pamene kukula kwa mwendo wa kuwotcherera kwa fillet kwa T-joint ndi zosakwana 6mm, kuwotcherera osanjikiza kamodzi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo njira yoyendera yozungulira, yozungulira kapena yozungulira yozungulira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito;pamene kukula kwa mwendo kuli kokulirapo, kuwotcherera kwamitundu yambiri kapena kuwotcherera kwamitundu yambiri kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Multi-pass kuwotcherera, kuwotcherera pansi kumatengera njira yoyendera mizere, ndipo wosanjikiza wodzaza amatha kusankha oblique sawtooth kapena oblique mayendedwe ozungulira.

(4) Nthawi zambiri, kuwotcherera kwamitundu yambiri ndi ma pass-pass kuyenera kuwotcherera ndi njira yoyendera yowongoka.

Wofatsa zitsulo maelekitirodi oyenera kuwotcherera lathyathyathya ndiAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018.

Chithunzi 3. Tianqiao ofukula kuwotcherera

Kuwotcherera molunjika

Makhalidwe awotcherera ofukula kuwotcherera ofukula:

1. Chitsulo chosungunuka cha dziwe ndi slag yosungunuka imagwa chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo ndipo n'zosavuta kupatukana.

2. Pamene kutentha kwa dziwe losungunuka ndilokwera kwambiri, chitsulo chosungunula cha dziwe chimakhala chosavuta kutsika kuti chikhale ndi zolakwika monga weld bead, undercut, slag inclusion, etc., ndipo weld ndi wosagwirizana.

3. Muzu wa T-joint weld ndi wosavuta kupanga kulowa kosakwanira.

4. Mlingo wolowera ndi wosavuta kuugwira.

5. Kuwotcherera zokolola n'kotsika kuposa kuwotcherera lathyathyathya.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kuwotcherera vertical:

1. Sungani ngodya yolondola ya ndodo;

2. Pakupanga, kuwotcherera koyima koyima kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo kuwotcherera koyima kumafuna ndodo zapadera zowotcherera kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wa weld.Kuwotcherera kwapano kwa kuwotcherera koyima mmwamba ndi 10 ~ 15% yaying'ono kuposa yowotcherera lathyathyathya, ndipo m'mimba mwake ya electrode yaying'ono (＜φ4mm) iyenera kusankhidwa.

3. Gwiritsani ntchito kuwotcherera kwa arc mwachidule kuti mufupikitse mtunda kuchokera pa dontho kupita ku dziwe losungunuka.

4. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyenera yotumizira.

(1) T-groove matako olowa (kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbale zoonda) pamene kuwotcherera koyima kumachitidwa, kuwotcherera kwa mzere, zigzag, mawonekedwe a crescent, ndipo kutalika kwa arc sikuposa 6mm.

(2) Potsegula njira zina zowotcherera poyambira matako, gawo loyamba la weld nthawi zambiri limawotcherera ndi kuwotcherera wosweka, woboola pakati komanso wamakona atatu ndi kugwedezeka pang'ono.Pambuyo pake, gawo lililonse litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mikwingwirima ya crescent kapena zigzag.

(3) Pakuwotcherera ofukula zolumikizira zooneka ngati T, ndodo yowotcherera iyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yoyenera yogona mbali zonse ndi ngodya zapamwamba za msoko, ndipo kugwedezeka kwa matalikidwe a ndodo kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa m'lifupi mwa kuwotcherera. msoko.Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ndodo yowotcherera ndi yofanana ndi yowotcherera ena ofukula yokhala ndi ma grooves.

(4) Powotchera chivundikirocho, mawonekedwe apamwamba a weld amatsimikiziridwa ndi njira yoyendetsera.Zingwe zooneka ngati crescent zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwotcherera msoko wokhala ndi zofunikira zapamwamba;zingwe za zigzag zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo athyathyathya (mawonekedwe opindika pakati amagwirizana ndi nthawi yopumira).

Ma electrode zitsulo ofatsa oyenera kuwotcherera ofukula ndiAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018, makamakaE6011ndi oyenera kuwotcherera ofukula mmwamba-pansi.

Chithunzi 4. Tianqiao kuwotcherera pamwamba

Kuwotcherera pamwamba

Makhalidwe awotcherera pawotcherera pamutu:

1. Chitsulo chosungunuka chimagwa chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka, ndipo mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa dziwe losungunuka siziyenera kuyendetsedwa.

2. Ndizovuta kunyamula mzerewo, ndipo pamwamba pa kuwotcherera sikoyenera kuwotcherera.

3. Zowonongeka monga kuphatikizidwa kwa slag, kulowa kosakwanira, weld bead ndi mapangidwe osowa weld ndi osavuta kuwonekera.

4. Chitsulo chosungunula chimaphulika ndikufalikira, zomwe zingayambitse ngozi zowotcha mosavuta.

5. Kuchita bwino kwa kuwotcherera pamutu kumakhala kotsika poyerekeza ndi malo ena.

Zowotcherera zowotcherera pamutu:

1. kuwotcherera pamwamba pa matako.Pamene makulidwe a kuwotcherera ndi ocheperapo kapena ofanana ndi 4mm, gwiritsani ntchito mizere yamtundu wa I ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zowotcherera za φ3.2mm zokhala ndi kuwotcherera pakali pano;pamene kuwotcherera makulidwe ndi wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana 5mm, Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndi Mipikisano pass kuwotcherera ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

2. Msoko wowotcherera wa T-woboola pakati ndi kuwotcherera pamwamba.Pamene kuwotcherera phazi ndi zosakwana 8mm, kuwotcherera limodzi wosanjikiza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pamene kuwotcherera phazi lalikulu kuposa 8mm, Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndi Mipikisano chiphaso kuwotcherera ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

3. Malinga ndi momwe zilili, tsatirani njira yoyenera yotumizira:

(1) Pamene kukula kwa phazi lakuwotcherera kuli kakang'ono, mtundu wofanana kapena wofanana wobwereza umagwiritsidwa ntchito pomaliza kuwotcherera limodzi-wosanjikiza;pamene kukula kwa kuwotcherera phazi lalikulu, kuwotcherera Mipikisano wosanjikiza kapena Mipikisano wosanjikiza Mipikisano chiphaso kuwotcherera angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo wosanjikiza woyamba ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito Mzere wolunjika zoyendera, zigawo zina akhoza kusankha oblique makona atatu kapena oblique mphete zoyendera njira.

(2) Ziribe kanthu kuti ndi njira yanji yonyamulira yomwe imatsatiridwa, chitsulo chowotcherera sichiyenera kukhala chochuluka nthawi iliyonse chikadutsa kudziwe losungunuka.

Ma electrode zitsulo ofatsa oyenera kuwotcherera pamwamba ndiAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018

Chithunzi 5. Tianqiao yopingasa kuwotcherera

Horizontal kuwotcherera

Makhalidwe kuwotcherera yopingasa kuwotcherera:

1. Chitsulo chosungunula chimagwera mosavuta pa poyambira chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika pamtunda, ndi mkanda wonyezimira wooneka ngati misozi kapena zolakwika zolowera m'munsi.

2. Chitsulo chosungunula ndi slag ndizosavuta kupatukana, pang'ono ngati kuwotcherera molunjika.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kuwotcherera horizontal:

1. Mitsempha ya matako yopingasa yopingasa imakhala yooneka ngati V kapena ngati K, mfundo zolumikizira matako zokhala ndi makulidwe a 3 ~ 4mm zimatha kuwotcherera mbali zonse ndi mizere yamtundu wa I.

2. Gwiritsani ntchito ndodo yowotcherera yaing'ono, mphamvu yowotcherera ndi yaying'ono kuposa kuwotcherera lathyathyathya, ntchito yaifupi ya arc, imatha kuyendetsa bwino chitsulo chosungunuka.

3. Pamene kuwotcherera mbale wandiweyani, kuwonjezera kuwotcherera pansi, ndi bwino ntchito Mipikisano wosanjikiza ndi Mipikisano pass kuwotcherera.

4. Kwa kuwotcherera kwamitundu yambiri ndi ma pass-pass, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakuwongolera mtunda wolumikizana pakati pa ma weld pass.Pa kuwotcherera kulikonse kophatikizana, yambani kuwotcherera pa 1/3 ya weld yapitayi kuti mupewe kusagwirizana.

5. Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, sungani njira yoyenera yowotcherera ndodo, ndipo liwiro la kuwotcherera liyenera kukhala losasunthika komanso lofanana.

6. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyenera yotumizira.

(1) Kwa mtundu wa I matako kuwotcherera yopingasa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito reciprocating liniya njira msoko kutsogolo kuwotcherera;zowongoka kapena zazing'ono zozungulira zozungulira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazokulirapo, ndi zowongoka kumbali yakumbuyo, ndikuwotcherera komweko kumatha kuonjezeredwa moyenera.

(2) Gwiritsani ntchito mawotchi ena opingasa a bevel butt.Pamene kusiyana kuli kochepa, kuwotcherera pansi kungagwiritse ntchito mizere yowongoka;pamene kusiyana ndi lalikulu, wosanjikiza pansi utenga reciprocating liniya n'kupanga;pamene zigawo zina ndi zowotcherera zamitundu yambiri, mzere wopendekera ungagwiritsidwe ntchito.Kuyendera kwa mizere yowongoka kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito potengera zozungulira zozungulira komanso zowotcherera zamitundu yambiri komanso ma pass-pass.

Wofatsa zitsulo maelekitirodi oyenera kuwotcherera yopingasa ndiAWS E6013, AWS E6010, AWS E6011, AWS E7018

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